Our results suggest that SVEE, through its pro-oxidant content, induces oxido-inflammation in susceptible brain regions in a sex-dependent manner.

Distinct patterns of retinal hemorrhages (RHs) are suggestive of abusive head trauma in the context of unexplained intracranial injury. Current recommendations encourage an eye examination within 48hours of admission due to the rapid resolution of RH. The purpose of this study was to identify clinical factors associated with a delay in funduscopic examination outside the recommended 48hours.

Retrospective chart review was completed on all inpatient consultations by the Child Protection Team with evidence of intracranial injury on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging over 3years at a large children’s hospital. Extracted data included demographic characteristics, history of intubation, pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission, extraventricular drain placement, seizures, use of vasopressor support, and presence of other injuries. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the patient population, clinical characteristics, and outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with delayed eye examinations.

A total of 203 patients met inclusion criteria. Of those, 39 (19.2%) had a delay in initial funduscopic examination. Multivariate analyses revealed that PICU admission, surgical intervention, and seizure activity were significant predictors of delayed examination after controlling for multiple clinical factors. Neurosurgical consultation was shown to be protective against a delayed examination.

Rapid resolution of RH may occur in child abuse. Prompt ophthalmology examinations and neurosurgery consultation when child abuse is suspected help avoid a delay in diagnosis.

Rapid resolution of RH may occur in child abuse. Prompt ophthalmology examinations and neurosurgery consultation when child abuse is suspected help avoid a delay in diagnosis.Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from vascular adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) contribute to the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and vascular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). This study shows the crucial roles of EVs-mediated miR135a-5p transfer in VSMC proliferation and the underlying mechanisms in hypertension. Methods AFs and VSMCs were obtained from the aorta of Wistar-Kyoto rat (WKY) and SHR. EVs were isolated from the culture of AFs with ultracentrifugation method. Results MiR135a-5p level in SHR-EVs was significantly increased. MiR135a-5p inhibitor prevented the SHR-EVs-induced VSMC proliferation. Fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5) was a target gene of miR135a-5p. FNDC5 level was lower in VSMCs of SHR. PKI-587 MiR135a-5p inhibitor not only increased FNDC5 expression, but reversed the SHR-EVs-induced FNDC5 downregulation in VSMCs of SHR. MiR135a-5p mimic inhibited FNDC5 expression, but failed to promote the SHR-EVs-induced FNDC5 downregulation in VSMCs of SHR. Exogenous FNDC5 prevented the SHR-EVs-induced VSMC proliferation of both WKY and SHR. Knockdown of miR135a-5p in fibroblasts completely prevented the upregulation of miR135a-5p in the EVs. The SHR-EVs from the miR135a-5p knockdown-treated fibroblasts lost their roles in inhibiting FNDC5 expression and promoting proliferation in VSMCs of both WKY and SHR. Conclusions Increased miR135a-5p in the SHR-EVs promoted VSMC proliferation of WKY and SHR via inhibiting FNDC5 expression. MiR135a-5p and FNDC5 are crucial targets for intervention of VSMC proliferation in hypertension.

To systematically review the effectiveness and harm of consolidation or maintenance therapy in patients with newly diagnosed stage II-IV EOC.

MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and PROSPERO databases, and four relevant conferences were systematically searched. We adhered to PRISMA guidelines, and used the GRADE approach to aggregate data.

Among 12,675 citations, 28 comprising 16,310 patients were analyzed. The certainty of aggregated study evidence ranged from high to low.

The existing evidence does not find overall survival benefit for consolidation therapy with chemotherapy. For maintenance therapy, comparing with placebo, olaparib, niraparib, veliparib, and bevacizumab are effective as maintenance therapy for certain patients with newly diagnosed stage III-IV epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal carcinoma respectively without reducing quality of life. Longer follow-up with more mature results of overall survival will better define the effect of these agents.

The existing evidence does not find overall survival benefit for consolidation therapy with chemotherapy. For maintenance therapy, comparing with placebo, olaparib, niraparib, veliparib, and bevacizumab are effective as maintenance therapy for certain patients with newly diagnosed stage III-IV epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal carcinoma respectively without reducing quality of life. Longer follow-up with more mature results of overall survival will better define the effect of these agents.Over the last decade, several prognostic models have been proposed for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), but consensus on the optimal model for these patients is absent or lacking. This study aims to review available prognostic models for PCNSL and discuss their prognostic features. A comprehensive literature search performed in Pubmed/Embase identified ten studies with a variable number of analysed patients (range 32-3453), which proposed 12 prognostic models. Age and performance status were the most important prognostic factors in PCNSL and an integral part of the majority of the proposed models. However, there is no universally accepted prognostic model for PCNSL owning to a number of limitations such as a small number of patients, limited samples obtained for genetic analysis, retrospective nature of studies, single centre studies, and lack of validation. Future multicentre studies are necessary to determine the optimal prognostic model for PCNSL by combining different prognostic markers of significance.