0) over 30s, and substantial correlation (κ = 0.85) over 10s. After SS1, SS2, and SS3, 43%, 49%, and 46% had anal hypocontractility, respectively. Correlation was substantial between SS1 and SS2 (κ = 0.799) and almost perfect between SS2 and SS3 (κ = 0.9). Compared to resting pressure of 5s before SS1, pressure recordings at 25-30 and 15-20s after SS1 were significantly correlated.

A 30-s resting anal pressure, analysis of 2 short-squeezes with a 20-s between-maneuver recovery optimizes study duration without compromising diagnostic accuracy. These findings indicate the IAPWG protocol has redundancy.

A 30-s resting anal pressure, analysis of 2 short-squeezes with a 20-s between-maneuver recovery optimizes study duration without compromising diagnostic accuracy. These findings indicate the IAPWG protocol has redundancy.

The gut microbiota are reported to be altered in critical illness. The pattern and impact of dysbiosis on prognosis has not been thoroughly investigated in the ICU setting.

We aimed to evaluate changes in the gut microbiota of ICU patients via 16S rRNA gene deep sequencing, assess the association of the changes with antibiotics use or disease severity, and explore the association of gut microbiota changes with ICU patient prognosis.

Seventy-one mechanically ventilated patients were included. Fecal samples were collected serially on days 1-2, 3-4, 5-7, 8-14, and thereafter when suitable. Microorganisms of the fecal samples were profiled by 16S rRNA gene deep sequencing.

Proportions of the five major phyla in the feces were diverse in each patient at admission. Those of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes especially converged and stabilized within the first week from admission with a reduction in α-diversity (p < 0.001). Significant differences occurred in the proportional change of Actinobacteria between the carbapenem and non-carbapenem groups (p = 0.030) and that of Actinobacteria according to initial SOFA score and changes in the SOFA score (p < 0.001). An imbalance in the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes within seven days from admission was associated with higher mortality when the ratio was > 8 or < 1/8 (odds ratio 5.54, 95% CI 1.39-22.18, p = 0.015).

Broad-spectrum antibiotics and disease severity may be associated with gut dysbiosis in the ICU. A progression of dysbiosis occurring in the gut of ICU patients might be associated with mortality.

Broad-spectrum antibiotics and disease severity may be associated with gut dysbiosis in the ICU. A progression of dysbiosis occurring in the gut of ICU patients might be associated with mortality.

Factors affecting pregnancy-related knowledge in women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain unknown. We aimed to determine these factors and to assess the impact of a dedicated pregnancy clinic on improving knowledge in women with IBD.

Adult women with IBD attending the pregnancy IBD clinic at the University of Alberta from 2014 to 2018 were enrolled. Each patient completed the Crohn’s and Colitis Pregnancy Knowledge (CCPKnow) questionnaire at baseline and after individualized education delivered at each clinic visit. Knowledge levels were defined as very good if CCPKnow scores ≥ 14. Mean CCPKnow scores were reported with standard deviations (SD) and compared using the paired T test.

The mean CCPKnow score in 117 patients at baseline was 9.65 (SD 4.18). Compared to those with disease duration < 5years, those with disease duration > 5years had higher rates of very good baseline knowledge (3.0% vs. 26.4%, p = 0.036). Similarly, those on preconception IBD-related therapy were more likely to have very good knowledge compared to those on no therapy (22.5% vs. 0%, p = 0.024). MRTX-1257 Fifty-one patients completed a post-clinic CCPKnow survey with a mean CCPKnow of 10.72 (SD 4.32). Participation in a pregnancy clinic improved reproductive knowledge in those with ulcerative colitis (p = 0.001), disease duration > 5years (p = 0.017), those with at least a university education (p = 0.014) and those on IBD-related therapies (p = 0.026).

Increased disease duration and preconception IBD-related therapy may be associated with increased pregnancy-related knowledge. A dedicated pregnancy clinic can improve reproductive knowledge in women with IBD.

Increased disease duration and preconception IBD-related therapy may be associated with increased pregnancy-related knowledge. A dedicated pregnancy clinic can improve reproductive knowledge in women with IBD.

Many colonoscopies following a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) will not identify a probable cause for fecal blood, and missed neoplasia is a concern. The study determined whether the absence of neoplasia at a FIT positive diagnostic colonoscopy was due to a missed lesion and whether the initial FIT hemoglobin (f-Hb) concentration could predict missed lesions.

This was a retrospective audit of patients who had undergone diagnostic colonoscopy after FIT screening (2 sample ≥ 20µg Hb/g feces). Probable bleeding lesions including cancer, advanced adenoma, colitis, and angiodysplasia were considered a «positive colonoscopy outcome.» For those with a negative outcome, findings at the subsequent colonoscopy were assessed.

There were 1087 good quality colonoscopies within 12months of a positive FIT. In total, 171 (15.7%) patients had a positive outcome at the diagnostic colonoscopy. Subsequent colonoscopies of negative outcome cases (n = 418, median of 3.1y later) were reviewed; of these, there were 57 (13.6%) cases with a positive outcome. This included CRC in 0.5% (n = 2) and advanced adenoma in 11.7% (n = 49). High f-Hb and having both FIT samples ≥ 20µg/g feces were associated with a positive outcome at the original diagnostic colonoscopy (p < 0.05). However, f-Hb was not predictive for a positive outcome at the subsequent colonoscopy by either maximum f-Hb (p = 0.768), total f-Hb (p = 0.459), or both FIT samples ≥ 20µg/g (p = 0.091).

A small proportion of «false» positive FIT results had cancer or advanced adenoma found at the subsequent colonoscopy. A missed lesion could not be predicted by the initial FIT f-Hb.

A small proportion of «false» positive FIT results had cancer or advanced adenoma found at the subsequent colonoscopy. A missed lesion could not be predicted by the initial FIT f-Hb.